Johns Hopkins University spent $2.9 billion on research and development projects in fiscal year 2019, a new record for the school that has led all U.S. universities in R&D spending for 41 years straight. The Baltimore-based university’s R&D expenditures increased 9.6% from fiscal 2018, according to an annual report from the National Science Foundation. Hopkins remains the only school to have crossed the $2 billion spending threshold to date. But unlike in previous years, Hopkins was joined in the top 20 by another Maryland institution — or rather two.